Former Democratic Republic of Congo President Joseph Kabila has announced a new political-military coalition incorporating the M23 rebel movement, potentially deepening the country's long-running eastern conflict.

The Front for the Refoundation of the Nation (FRN), unveiled in the rebel-held city of Goma on October 12, brings Kabila into a more explicit leadership role alongside senior insurgent figures.

The government of President Félix Tshisekedi has previously accused Kabila of supporting armed groups, allegations he has denied. Rwanda also rejects accusations that it backs M23.

The coalition's formation complicates international efforts to negotiate peace in eastern Congo, where armed groups control significant territory and millions of civilians have been affected by violence and displacement.

Why it matters: A former head of state joining an opposition coalition that includes armed rebels could transform Congo's conflict into a broader struggle for national political power.